Sciatica is a common condition characterized by pain that radiates from the lower back into the buttocks and down the back of the leg. The pain can be severe and debilitating, often accompanied by numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected leg. A compressed or irritated sciatic nerve, the largest nerve in the body, usually causes sciatica. Various treatment options are available for sciatica at Greenlight Chiropractic & Wellness Lab. Here is what you need to know about how to manage this condition:
Sciatica diagnosis
The diagnosis of sciatica typically involves a thorough physical examination and a review of the patient’s medical history. During the physical exam, the healthcare provider will look for signs of nerve damage, such as muscle weakness, numbness, or tingling in the affected leg. In some cases, the healthcare provider may order additional tests to help confirm the diagnosis or identify the underlying cause of sciatica.
These tests may include the following:
- Imaging tests: X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans can be used to visualize the spine and identify any structural issues or abnormalities that may be compressing the sciatic nerve.
- Electromyography (EMG): This test measures the electrical activity of the muscles and nerves to identify any signs of nerve damage or dysfunction.
- Nerve conduction studies: This test measures the speed at which electrical impulses travel through the nerves to identify any areas of nerve compression or damage.
Here are some of the most common treatment options for sciatica:
- Physical therapy can help strengthen the muscles around the affected area, improve flexibility and range of motion, and reduce pain and inflammation. A physical therapist can also teach the patient exercises and stretches at home to help manage the symptoms.
- Medication: Pain relievers such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), muscle relaxants, and corticosteroids may be prescribed to help reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, opioid medications may be prescribed for severe pain, but these are typically only used for short periods due to the risk of addiction and other side effects.
- Injections: Epidural steroid injections, facet joint injections, and trigger point injections can help reduce pain and inflammation in the affected area.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be recommended to relieve pressure on the sciatic nerve. The type of surgery will depend on the underlying cause of sciatica and may involve removing a herniated disc, widening the spinal canal, or removing bone spurs.
What should you not do with sciatica?
If you have sciatica, there are certain things that you should avoid doing to prevent further irritation of the sciatic nerve and worsening of your symptoms. Here are some things to avoid:
- Sitting for long periods: Long periods of sitting can strain the sciatic nerve and make your symptoms worse. If you work at a desk, stand up frequently to stretch and think about using a standing desk.
- Lifting heavy objects: Lifting heavy objects can strain your lower back, leading to increased pressure on the sciatic nerve. If you need to lift something heavy, use proper lifting techniques and avoid twisting your spine.
- High-impact activities: High-impact activities such as running or jumping can jolt the spine and exacerbate your symptoms. Choose low-impact activities such as walking, swimming, or yoga if you want to exercise.
Working closely with your healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan is advisable.
